权术、人治与科学领导——兼论领导科学应以政治学、法学为理论根基

Power tactics,rule of man and scientific leadership On leadership science based on politics and law

权术是封建政治的孳生物,同领导艺术有着本质区别,与现代政治文明背道而驰,对现代政治和领导亦产生恶劣影响。人治传统乃权术之源。人治传统的政治,过于依赖执政者个人的智慧和权威.使得统治术和权术十分发达,制度和法治建设则相对滞后。人治还是民主法治,是现代领导与传统领导的分水岭,而政治学和法学的晚熟是我国人治传统年深日久的重要学理因素。现代领导者要自觉努力推进民主法治制度建设,铲除人治和权术存在的社会条件。领导科学应以政治学和法学为理论根基和学术支撑,因为离开民主领导和依法领导,就不是科学领导,而是人治领导;不以民主和法治为统帅和灵魂,领导方法与领导艺术就成了权术。

Power tactics is the concomitant of the feudalistic politics,which is very different from the art of leadership,and is opposite to modern political civilization.Power tactics has negative effect on modern politics and leadership.The tradition of rule by man is the source of power tactics.The abnormal politics heavily depends on the wisdom and authority of the ruling person,which makes power tactics flourishing,and the construction of systems and rule of law serious delay.The watershed of modern leadership and traditional leadership is between the rule of man and rule of law.The late ripeness of our politics and law is the important academic factor for the long tradition of rule of man.The modern leaders should discard its influence,push forward the system construction of the democ- racy and rule of law,and uproot the social condition for power tactics and rule of man.Leadership science should be based on politics and law,because without the democratic leadership and lead by law,it isn't scientific leadership,but lead by man.If it doesn't take the democracy and the rule of law as commander-in-chief and soul,leadership methods and art will become power tactics.