“公仆”的理念与实践

Concept and Practice on "Public Servants"

西方社会的"公仆"的理念最早由作为民主主义者的意大利但丁、英国弥尔顿提出,并由美国华盛顿、法国罗伯斯比尔开创了实例。社会主义者进而提出"社会公仆"思想,在 1871 年巴黎公社取得可贵的实践经验,苏联因最终背弃巴黎公社原则形成官僚特权集团最终败亡。在我国,柳宗元早在唐代就提出官为民仆思想,在近现代也有丰富实践经验。中国共产党人历来重视贯彻马克思主义关于防止社会公仆变为社会主人的重要论述,并在党章中有关于党的干部是"人民的公仆"的规定。

The concept of 'public servants' in western society was initiated by Dante Alighieri,a democrat from Italy,and by John Milton from England.Socialists furthered that by putting forward an idea of 'social servants',which achieved valuable practical expe-rience in 1871 in the Paris Commune revolution,ending with failure for Soviet Union's betrayal of the principle from the Paris Com-mune by forming a privileged bureaucratic group.In China,as early as Tang dynasty,Liu Zongyuan illustrated an idea of officials serving the people.Modern times also obtained rich practical experience of a similar kind.Chinese communists always value the sig-nificant theory of Marxism as to preventing public social servants from turning into the social owner,and stipulate in the party consti-tution that Party's cadres are the 'people's servants'.