晚清到民国时期地方政府对摊贩的治理

The Stall-keepers’ Management of Local Government From the Late Qing Dynasty to the Era of Republic of China

晚清时期,清政府效法西方实行警政,对摊贩卫生、交通等方面存在的问题进行治理。在此过程中,虽有商会等团体出面维护摊贩利益,但地方政府具有较大权势,摊贩在与地方政府的对话中往往处于劣势。民国时期,摊贩治理计划性、针对性增强,地方政府实行了增设菜市场、设置管理所等措施。摊贩的治理,有利于近代城市的现代化建设,但其是一个长期的过程,在近代百年的变迁中,治理摊贩虽取得了一些成绩但却不能长久维持,很快就消失在战火硝烟的不稳定局面中。

In the late Qing dynasty, the Qing government took measures to manage problems lied in stall-keepers’ sanitation and the traffic that followed the examples of the west. Although the chamber of commerce tries their best to protect the stall-keepers, the local government had important authority in the process of management, so the stall-keepers were always inferior to the local government. During the era of Republic of China, the local government took more measures to manage the stall keepers. Such as establishing marketplaces and administration office for the stall-keepers. In a word, management of the stall-keepers was advantaged to modernization of modern cities from the late Qing dynasty to the Era of Republic of China. It was a long process to manage the stall-keepers. Although the government had made great effect, it was damaged soon because of the war.