经济、社会变迁与国家治理转型:美国进步时代改革

Economic、Social Change and State Governance Transition:Reforms in Progressive Era of U.S.

工业化和经济增长会带来经济繁荣,并给更多的人提供各种实现梦想的机会。但是,经济发展也会带来新的问题。经济结构的变化通常伴随着社会结构的变化,也会引起政治运作方式的变化。这些都会对国家治理构成挑战,尤其在经济和社会结构出现巨变时更是如此。面对着社会、经济结构的变化所形成的各种挑战,国家治理需要进行重构,国家、社会与市场之间的关系需要调整。美国进步时代的改革就是这样一段历史:面对着巨变后的经济和社会结构形成的各种挑战,进步时代的改革从根本上改变了美国的国家治理结构,进而改变了美国社会,从而相对成功地应对了社会、经济变迁所构成的挑战。进步时代的改革不仅在美国历史上占有非常重要的地位,对于那些处于大致相同阶段、面临大致相同的问题与挑战的国家,也具有很大的启示。

Industrilization and economic growth bring economic prosperity and offers many person with the chances to realize various dreams. However it will also cause new problems. The change of economic structure accompanied with that change of social structure and also caused change of means of political operation. All these challenged the state governance and especially when economic and social structure changes dramatically. Faced with all kinds of challenges formed by social and economic structures, state goverance need to be reformed, the relations among state、 society and market need to be adjusted. Reforms in progressive era of United States is a history of this kind: faced with all challenges formed by economic and social structure after dramatic changes, reforms of progressive era changed the state governance structure of America essentially and changed the Amercian society furthermore, therefore it handled succesfully with the challenges formed by social and economic transition. Reforms in progressive era occupied a very important position in Amercian history and revealed a lot to those countries who was in almost the same phase and faced with almost same problems and challenges.