太原市小学生意外伤害现况调查

Cross-sectional Study of Unintentional Injuries among Pupils in Taiyuan City

目的调查太原市小学生意外伤害发生情况,分析各类意外伤害发生的主要原因。方法太原市六城区两郊县区共2376名小学生,进行"太原市小学生健康危险行为调查问卷"自填。对其中有关意外伤害行为进行分析。结果在2376名小学生中,共有1166人发生过意外伤害,占调查人数人数的49.07%,发生意外类型中前三位分别为:坠落及跌伤、物体砸伤与碰伤及动物咬伤,溺水的发生率最低。在发生过意外伤害的人中,共有589人次出现了各种伤害结果,占发生伤害人数的50.3%,在所有伤害结果中,前三位为:皮肤破损与出血、割伤刺伤及捅伤、骨折或关节脱臼,失去手、脚的部分或全部发生率最低。经χ2检验,男孩的意外伤害发生率明显高于女孩(χ2=63.107,P<0.05),城区的意外伤害发生率明显高于郊区,二者有统计学意义(χ2=7.254,P<0.05)。结论太原市小学生意外伤害发生率高,类型复杂,严重地威胁着小学生的生命健康,应尽快采取措施,减少小学生意外伤害的发生。

Objective To survey the present situation of pupils' unintentional injuries in Taiyuan and find out the causes of injuries.Methods An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among 2 376 pupils recruited from primary schools in 6 urban and 2 suburban areas in Taiyuan.The types and degree of injuries were analyzed.Results A total of 1 166 pupils had occurred unintentional injuries among 2 376 pupils(49.07%).The top 3 unintentional injuries were fall、bumps and animal biting.The last one was drowning.There were 583 pupils wounded(50.3%).The top 3 types were bleeding、 cut/pierce and fracture.The last one was deformity.The rate of unintentional injuries was higher in boys than in girls,and was higher in urban areas than in rural areas.Conclusion The incidence of unintentional injuries among pupils in Taiyuan was high,and the types were complicated.The prevention and control of injury occurrence is in urgent need.