小儿急重症电解质变化临床分析

Clinical analysis of the electrolytes change of acute and critical children.

目的 探讨小儿急重症与电解质变化的关系。方法 对2002年10月-2003年8月闽东医院85例住院急重症患儿作电解质测定及临床结果分析。结果 急重症患儿中急性腹泻者出现低钾、低钠、高氯血症。肺炎患儿电解质改变不明显。其他急重症患儿,高钾血症见于新生儿高胆红素血症、败血症、新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病。低钠、低氯、低钙血症见于新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病。低钠、低氯血症见于高热惊厥。其他少部分病例急重患儿电解质无明显改变。经治疗后,患儿临床症状大部分明显好转,康复出院。结论 各种及重症患儿电解质改变具有特征性,对电解质测定在指导临床用药、纠正电解质紊乱具有重大意义,对疾病转归和预后有重要临床意义。

Objective: To explore the relation between the acute and critical diseases children and the changes of electrolytes. Methods: we analysed 85 inpatient in paediartic department of Mindong hospital from 2002. 10 to 2003.8 with their clinical resule and electrolytes determined outcome. Results: the inpatienls of acute diarrhoea arise hypokalenmia hyponalremia and hyperchloremia.The inpalients electrolytes of pneumonia haven't clear changes . Another critical inpatients changes of electrolyte. Hyperkalemia can appear in neonatal jaundice,septicaemia and HIE. Hyponatremia hypochloremia and hypocalcemia appear in HIE. Hyponatremia and hypochlorem appear in hyperpyrexia convulsion. the eletrolytes of athoers minority acute and critical inpatients also haven' t clear changes. after treatment, most acute and critical patients take a ture for belter and recovered to leave hospital. Conclusion: The changes of the electrolytes of various acute and critial patient have different feature .Delerming electrolyte has important clinical significance on direting clinical curing,checking electrolyte disorder and the prognosis of diseases .