试论康德哲学中卢梭道德思想的再现

A Trial Discuss on the Repetition of Rousseau Morality Thoughts in Kant Philosophy

在古希腊时期,人类早期的哲学思想家就提出了"人是什么?"的著名哲学命题,但在众多探讨人这个重要命题的哲学思想家中,卢梭与康德是最突出的两位:一位是法国大革命时期思想的先驱者,一位是德国古典哲学的开创者;他们都以思想敏锐、见解睿智、分析深刻而著称。细细研读他们的思想,不难发现在二者之间存在着明显的联系。考察他们的哲学思想,可以发现康德哲学中有卢梭思想的再现,从求同存异中不难理解康德批判哲学体系最后所要建构解决的"人是什么?"的终极目标。

In ancient Greek, philosophers in early stage set a famous philosophical question: 'What is the human being?' Rousseau (Jean Jacque Rousseau), a thinking forerunner in the period of French Revolution and Kant, the originator of German classical philosophy, were both prominent out of those who ever strove to explore such a important proposition, Kant and Rousseau are both famous for sharp thinking, wise and far- sighted opinion, and profound analysis. Studying and reading their works careftilly, it's not difficult to find out there is obvious relation between their philosophical thoughts, if we go a step further to study, we can discover the repetition of Rousseau's thoughts in Kant's philosophy. By seeking common ground while reserving differences, it's not too hard to grasp that the utmost aim of Kant's criticism philosophical system try to set and solve finally was 'what is the human beings?'