试论我国古代刑法中的罪刑法定思想

An Elementary Discussion on Conception of “Statutory Offence” in Chinese Ancient Criminal Law

刑法中的罪刑法定原则是指刑法将犯罪与刑罚,以及两者的关系明确加以规定,在司法中,法官依据刑法的规定进行定罪和量刑的原则,即“法无明文规定不为罪,法无明文规定不处罚”。我国古代刑法中不乏光辉的“罪刑法定”思想之存在。它渊源于古代氏族习惯法中的“调处息讼”理念,并在成文法中得到了重要的体现。罪刑法定思想体系的产生和发展过程分为胚胎萌芽阶段、产生阶段、发展阶段。

The principle of ″statutory offence″ in the criminal law is a statutory provision of crime penalty and the relationship between the former and the latter in the criminal law. In the administration of justice the judges comply with the principles of ″conviction of a crime″ and ″measurement of penalty″ according to the provisions of the criminal law i.e. ″one can be convicted of a crime and penalized.″ There is no lack of a brilliant conception of ″statutory offence″ in Chinese ancient criminal law. It stems from the conception in the custom law of clan society and is embodied in the statute law. The emergence and development of the ideological system of ″statutory offence″ has gone through three stages the germination stage the emergence stage and the development stage.