列车引起的高架铁路车站的振动与噪声

Train-induced Structural Vibrations and Noises of Elevated Railway Station

对列车引起的高架铁路车站的振动与噪声问题进行了分析与评价。采用列车—桥梁体系分析模型和车站框架模型研究结构的振动,并用统计能量分析法(SEA)估计结构的噪声。通过计算机模拟,根据辐射率和SEA方法确定了结构振动与噪声的关系。讨论了结构形式、材料、支撑条件、列车速度等因素对噪声的影响。通过对声功率辐射表示的噪声水平的比较,得出了噪声水平随车速提高而增长,橡胶支座可有效降低高架结构的噪声,阻尼较大的结构产生的噪声较小等结论。

The train-induced structural vibrations and noises of elevated railway station are analysed and estimated. A train-bridge model and a frame model of the station are used to analyze the structural vibrations, and the structural noises are estimated by the method of statistical energy analysis (SEA). The relationship between the structural vibration and the noise is determined through the computer simulation on the basis of radiation ratio and SEA. Several factors affecting the noise, such as structural forms, materials, support conditions, train speed, are discussed. By comparison of the noise level expressed with sound power radiation, some conclusions are obtained: the noise level increases with some oscillations as the train speed increases; rubber bearings can be effectively used to colltrol the noise radiated by elevated structures; the elevated structure with higher damping ratio will radiate noise in a lower level.