楚艺术的线性特征及其文化基因

Linear Features of the Chu Art and Its Cultural Gene

本文认为,以线条为主要造型手段是楚艺术的重要形式特征。就线条类型而言,有平面展开的线和立体构成的线。前者主要以漆画、丝绸图案和帛画为代表;后者则体现在各种雕刻(青铜雕刻、木雕和角雕等)艺术样式上。形成楚艺术线性特征的文化基因在于:楚国特殊的社会形态以及由此决定的尚巫好祀的风俗;楚人的民族性格;老、庄“道”学的影响。文章最后指出,线性造型是楚艺术的地域特色和民族色彩的体现,它确立了中国艺术尤其是绘画艺术的传统和主要艺术语言,并作为一种民族特色与西方绘画区别开来。

The article holds that lines as a major shaping method is an important feature of the Chu art. So far as the types of lines are concerned, there are plane lines and stereoscopic lines. The former is represented by lacquer paintings, silk patterns and paintings. The latter is shown in various forms of sculpture (bronze sculpture, wood carvings and horn carvings, etc.). The cultural gene that shapes the features of the Chu art includes the special social form of the Chu State which gives rise to the custom of valuing witchcraft and sacrifices to the dead, the ethnic character of the Chu people and the influence of Lao - Zhuangs Taoism. Finally, the article points out that linear shaping is the embodiment of the regional and ethnic characteristics of the Chu art. It establishes the tradition and major artistic language of Chinese art, esp. painting, and distinguishes itself as a national character from the Western painting.