利用碳同位素追踪大气中有机污染物来源

Carbon Isotopic Characteristics and Source Apportionment of n-alkane Series Monomolecule in the Aerosols

本文对兰州市交通繁忙区、商业—居民区和工业区大气飘尘样品中的饱和烃进行了色谱-同位素质谱(GC-C-MS)分析。特别是利用正构烷烃系列单分子碳同位素组成特征,较为系统地对兰州市的有机污染物的来源做了半定量研究。结果表明,兰州市的有机污染物主要来源于人为因素,小部分为自然因素。人为污染源是复杂且严重的,特别是冬季,由于取暖煤燃烧污染的叠加,致使大气污染更为严重。

In this study, such samples as airborne particulates, exhaust gas and smoke-dust were collected during heating and non-heating seasons in the urban and suburban areas of Lanzhou. After extraction and separation, saturated hydrocarbons were obtained and tested by GC-C-MS. Quantitative and semi-quantitative analyses are made of the sources and effects of the organic pollutants over Lanzhou City on the basis of the isotopic characteristics of the n-alkane series. The results show that the air pollution in Lanzhou results mainly from anthropogenic sources, such as from factories, automobiles and coal-burning stoves. Particularly, coat-burning pollution is the main source in winter. Pollutions in the city mainly result from the chief energy resources of coal and oil.