西方古典自然法学与中国明清之际的启蒙思想之比较研究

Comparison of Western Classical Natural Law Theory and Illuminative Thoughts during the Alternation of Ming and Qing Dynasties

十七、十八世纪古典自然法学思想风靡于西欧北美各主要资本主义国家 ,而十七世纪恰逢中国的明清之际 ,此时在东方的中国亦出现了一股带有民主启蒙色彩的反封建反专制的激进思想。文章首先简要介绍了这两种思想在东西方的兴起 ,然后从内容和发展特征两个方面分别对两者进行了比较研究 ,最后从经济环境、政治环境和文化传统与文化背景等几个方面探寻了两种理论不同历史命运的形成原因 ,试图揭示其发展规律。

The classical natural law theory was popular in the Western Europe and Northern America during 17th and 18th centuries, when a tide of radically anti-feudalistic and anti-arbitrary thoughts with illuminative democracy appeared in China. The thesis briefly introduces their rising and chiefly compares their contents and developing characteristics. In the end, the thesis tries to reveal the rules of their development by making research on the causes of their historical fates in terms of economic, political and cultural environments.