公司、股东与董事间法律关系问题探讨

Legal Relationship among Company, Director and Stockholder

关于股东、公司与董事之间的法律关系,英美法系国家的学者中有信托关系说、代理关系说和特殊关系说,大陆法系国家的通说是委任关系说。这些学说都存在有片面性和局限性,其中任何一个学说都无法包容我国的实际情况,从而不能加以简单的移植。我国公司法人、董事和股东之间的法律关系应当是多层面的,即根据具体的法律事实及其法律行为适用不同的法律关系,这主要有委任关系、代理/代表关系、信托关系以及雇佣关系等。因此,公司董事拥有多重法律身份和相应的法律地位。

On the issue of legal relationship among company, stockholder and director in a company, there exist Trust Relationship Theory, Agency Relationship Theory and Special Relationship Theory in the countries of Anglo-American law system. The most popular theory in the countries of Continental law system is Appointment Relationship Theory. They may give us a correct explanation to this issue in certain aspects. But they all have shortcomings like one-sidedness, limitation, etc. None of them can be simply transplanted into China. So the legal relationship among company stockholder and director in our country should be various.