论《浮士德》的“分裂人格”

Talk about "splitting personality" of "Faust"

“分裂人格”指人格的善恶二重性。文艺复兴以来,不少作家一反中世纪不是将人视作天使就是视作魔鬼的看法,在自己的作品中塑造了具有“分裂人格”特征的人物形象。歌德的《浮士德》是其中充满辩证法的杰作。本文从《浮士德》中两个贯穿始终、对立统一的人物浮士德和靡非斯特入手,通过具体分析,旨在说明人的多面性和复杂性。善与恶是人性的一分为二,恶中有善,善中有恶,善恶互相依存,互相转化,由此构成活生生的变化着的人。本文还以歌德为例,说明这种“分裂人格”即使是在这些伟人身上也是不可避免的。

Split personality refers to the dual characters of good and evil. Since the Renaissance, many writers, different from those who used to either regard people as angels or as devil in Middle Ages, have moulded characters 'split ing personality' in their own works instead. Goethe' s'Faust' is the masterpiece full of dialectics among the works. Through making a concrete analysis of the two characters Faust and Mephisto who carry throughout the whole text with the features of the unity of opposites, this paper aims at stating people' s versatility and complexity. Evil and good characters are the two opposite aspects of human beings. In evil there exists good while in good there exists evil. They depend on each other, transform each other, which is the foundation of real human beings. In addition, this paper takes Goethe as an example to indicate that it is still unavoidable even for those great men as Goethe to have ' split personalities'.