桉树嫩枝扦插育苗技术研究

The Cutting and Growing Techniques of Eucalyptus Tender Branches

采用盆栽、袋栽和苗床栽三种方式,以泥炭土、黄心土、河沙和珍珠岩为扦插基质,用IBA、ATB和L1号生根粉处理插穗基部,对刚果12号按W5、尾叶桉U6、MLA、UT6、LU1、M1、杂种按DH201-2、DH184-1、LH1及LH2、SH1共11个桉树无性系嫩枝扦插育苗技术进行了研究.结果表明:单位面积年产穗量最高的为苗床栽,其次是袋栽,再次是盆栽,但穗条质量却是以盆栽的最好,其次是袋栽和苗床栽,除无性系LH1的生根率和LH2的生根时间外,其余无性系的生根率和生根时间并不因穗条来源不同而有显著差异;不同无性系间扦插生根差异显著,生根率最高的为M1无性系,最低的为UT6无性系;用不同生根粉处理插穗,多数桉树无性系的平均生根率、平均根量和出根时间都存在显著或极显著的差异,综合各方面来看,L1号生根粉效果最佳;采用不同的基质,其插穗生根差异显著,其中,以黄心土与泥炭土比例为1∶1的混合基质效果最佳;月平均温度对插穗平均生根率有极显著的负相关作用.

Through researching on the effect of maternal plant cultivation and management, the resource of cutting, selecting of rooting substance, making up rooting medium, difference of Eucalyptus species, air temperature changing on the quantity and quality of Eucalyptus cutting, and rooting percentage, were all studied. The results are shown as follows. The difference of cuttings' quantity per single maternal plant and per unit area among three cultivation models of pot, bag and seedling bed cultivation is significant. The rooting percentage and rooting time of most Eucalyptus clones are not different with different resources of cuttings. The rooting percentage difference between different clones is significant, and the highest of them is clone M1 whose rooting percentage is 97.33% and the lowest of them is clone UT6 whose rooting percentage is 39.33%. There are differences of the rooting percentage, mean rooting quantity and rooting time of most Eucalyptus clones after using different rooting substances. Generally, the rooting substance L1 is better than the others. Using the compound of yellow subsoil and peat soil by 1∶1 as cutting medium is a better treatment for Eucalyptus cutting. And mean rooting percentage is negatively related with mean temperature monthly, and there is also a different linear relationship among the different clones.