屋尘螨粗提液与屋尘螨标准化抗原的皮肤试验比较

Comparative study on allergen skin test between the crude extract and standardization of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus

目的 比较屋尘螨抗原的不同检测方法的差别 ,找到较合适的致敏原检测方法。方法 随机选取 95例变应性疾病的患者分别作屋尘螨粗提液的皮内试验、点刺试验、丹麦ALK公司的屋尘螨标准化抗原点刺试验及血清sIgE(PharmaciaUniCAP)的检测。结果 ① 95例患者屋尘螨过敏阳性率最高的是sIgE ,检测结果 70 .5 3% ,粗提液皮内试验 6 8.4 2 % ,标准化抗原点刺试验 6 5 .2 0 % ,最低的是粗提液点刺试验 5 7.89%。② 4种检测方法有显著相关性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;而粗提液的点刺试验与皮内试验有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,与血清sIgE也有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;其余各方法之间无显著差异。结论 粗提液点刺试验的阳性率偏低 ,而皮内试验更接近标准化抗原点刺试验及sIgE的检测结果 ,在我国仍未抗原标准化的情况下 。

Objective To find out the accurate in vivo diagnostic technique of allergy to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (D.P). Methods 95 allergic patients were checked by allergen skin test(AST). The skin prick test (SPT) and intracutaneous test (ICT) were used to evaluate the crude extract of D.P and were compared with the SPT of standardization and the serum specific IgE. Results sIgE was positive in 70.53% of patients,SPT of standardization was positive in 68.20% of patients, SPT of the crude extract was positive in 57.89% of patients. Any test was related to the others ( P <0.05), but the sensitivity of SPT of the extract was significantly lower than that of ICT and sIgE ( P <0.05). Conclusion The sensitivity of SPT using the crude extract of D.P is lower than that of the others. We found that ICT is a good creening method in non standardization.