摘要
伴随着中华人民共和国的前进步伐,中国人民解放军海军已经走过50年的光辉历程,在蔚蓝色的海洋上留下一条不断延伸的航迹。1949年4月23日,中国人民解放军华东军区海军在江苏泰州白马庙宣告诞生。50年来,从创建到发展,人民海军经历了从无到有、从小到大、从弱到强的卓越不凡的成长历程,成为由水面舰艇部队、潜艇部队、航空兵部队、海军陆战队、岸防部队等5大兵种及各种专业部队组成的具有相当规模的海上作战力量。人民海军的成长壮大,凝聚着中国共产党的三代领导核心的关怀和嘱托。1953年2月,毛泽东主席视察海军舰艇部队,写下了"为了反对帝国主义的侵略,我们一定要建立强大的海军"的题词。1979年,中央军委领导邓小平观看海军水上飞机表演,并乘坐导弹驱逐舰出海视察长达6个小时,发出了"建立一支强大的具有现代战斗能力的海军"的号召。1989年以来,中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席江泽民先后多次视察海军部队,挥笔写下"建设祖国的海上长城"的题词。经过50年的建设,人民海军已具有一定的规模和较强的作战能力,拥有中国自行研制的武器装备,进入了现代化建设的新阶段。
On April 23,1949,the Eastern China Navy of People's Liberation Army of PRC was founded at Baimamiao.Taizhou,Jiangsu Province.In the past five decades,the People's Navy has developed into a strong force with certain scale which consists of water vessels unit,submarine unit,air unil,marine corps and shore guard unit. The equipment and technologies of the naw sow the process ram capture,purchase,right transfer,re- form to self-development.At present,various kinds of fighting vessels in sevrice include missile destroyer, missile corvette,missile speedboat,submarine's chaser,minesweeper and landing ship,etc.The missile de- stroyer and missile corvette has.already grown into new generation and become the major water naval vessels with capabilities of eas,air and landing combat and the automation of operation and operational commanding has been achieved on the naval vessels.The new-Iypa tatally-dosed missile corvette and missile destroyer have been put in service respectively in 1985 and 1995,marking one great step towards the equipment modernization of people's navy of PRC. The first submarine troop of the people's navy was founded in June,1954.In the past five decades,the first nuclear-powered submarine has been developed in China and formally organized into the combat troop of the navy.China has become the fifth coumtry with nuclear submarine following USA,Soviet Union,Britain and France.In October,1982,the missile nuclear-powered submarine successfully launched rocket,marking a new level of the marine safeguard's sophisticated technology in China. The air unit of the navy was founede in 1950.It has developed from the single plane into a unit with attack plane,bomber,helicopter,scout,conveyor,seaplane,antisubmarine plane and patrol planeand can undertake the missions of air defense,attack,antisubmarine,scout,rescue,mine and vertical supply.In re- cent years,the air unit has made great progress in developing special-puropse plane with long flight distance and strong attack force and new-type bomber and fighter were successfully operated.The fighting capabilities in coordination of air unit of the navy and other troops have been greatly improved. The marine corps of the navy has always been repulated as'essence of the military',Early in 1954,the navy has established marine carp regiment,marine carp divsion and amphibious lank regiment and later dismissed them.On December 20,1979,the marine corps has been reorganizde with infantry,artillery,ar- mored troops,engineer,antichemical warfare corps,reportingcorps,antitank missile corps and amphibious scout,etc.The existing marine corps in China has the capability of amphibious combat under modem con- ditions along the cloastal areas. The land safeguard unit of the navy grew out of the former offshore artillery.Early in October,1950,the navy established its first offshore missile troops.With the development of science and technology,the People' s Navy Land Safeguard Unit has grown into a unit with strong capability of attack and safeguard. With the contiunous upgrading and development of weapons and equipment,modernization of the training means as well as the diversification of the training methods,the people'S navy has developed form coastal areas to deep-sea,and even to all of the world.From November 1985 to June 1998,the Chinese warships has visited 16 countries totaling 12 times and shown the unique appearance of a powerful,civilized and peaceful troop and brought the world the peace and friendship.
