长白山区松口蘑的生态习性及驯化栽培

Ecological Behaviour and Domestication of Tricholoma Matsutake in Changbai Mountain Area

松口蘑是珍稀濒危的食用、药用真菌．该菌生态习性特殊，目前仍处于野生或半人工栽培状况．长白山区松口蘑发生地的植被结构简单，土壤呈酸性，养分含量低，松口蘑的发生量与气温和降水关系密切．松口蘑的半人工栽培理论和实践揭示了松口蘑的适应性和驯化潜能，进行人工栽培应以松口蘑纯培养菌种制作为突破口，通过改善栽培条件和利用有益微生物来扩大松口蘑菌种的适应性和变异性，挖掘驯化潜能，增强松口蘑菌种与赤松幼根的结合力，造就人工菌根。

Tricholoma Matsutake is a kind of precious and rare edibles fungi, and is in severe danger of annihilation.Because of special ecological behaviour, it is still on condition of wildness or semiartificial growth.In Changbai Mountain area,the vegetative structure of soil grown with Tricholoma Matsutake is simple,the soil is acid,with low nutrition,and production of Tricholoma Matsutake relate with air temperature and precipitation closely.The theories and practics of semiartificial growth opened out the adaptability and domestic potential of Tricholoma Matsutake.So we must make obtaining its purecultivable hypha as emphasis of studies,improve condition of the growth and utilize profitable microbe,extend its adaptability and variability,exploit its domestic potential,enhance ability of infection,bring up artificial mycorrihiza,intend to apply pure cultivable hypha grow Tricholoma Matsutake in woodland.