运动心肺功能测验远期追踪

Long-term follow up on cardiopulmonary exercise testing

目的 探讨健康医务工作者１４ 例（ 男７ 例，女７ 例） 运动心肺功能测验前后１１ 年（７ ～１３ 年） 的自然变动。方法 采坐位踏车递增负荷测验。结果 无论男性或女性平均１１ 年后其峰值摄氧量（·ＶＯ２ｍａｘ／ｋｇ） 与无氧阈（ＡＴ 或·ＶＯ２ＡＴ／ｋｇ） 均减低。于无氧阈时通气量（·ＶＥＡＴ）、心率（ＨＲＡＴ）男性减少，女性增加。结论 ①·ＶＯ２ｍａｘ／ｋｇ 男性下降１１－９％ ，平均每年下降１ ％ ；女性下降１４－８％ ，平均每年下降１－３％ 。②·ＶＯ２ＡＴ／ｋｇ 男女两性分别下降１７－９％ 及１２－６％ 。但仍＞ １４ｍＬ·ｍｉｎ－１·ｋｇ－１ ，心功能属Ａ级。③男性随年龄增长，潮气量减低，心率减慢导致通气量与心输出量减低是摄氧量降低的因素。女性尽管通气量增加，心率加快，但·ＶＯ２ｍａｘ／ｋｇ 与·ＶＯ２ ＡＴ／ｋｇ未见增加。推测与氧的提取及通气效率降低有关。

Objective To investigate the natural change on cardiopulmonary exercisetestingin 14 cases(7 male and 7 female) of healthy medical workers during a period of 11 years (7 ～13 years) .Method Cycle er gometertesting with 50W/5 min and 25 W/5min incre ment in male and female respectively was determined . Results After 11 years the averaged values of both the maleand female took the test all reached a peak oxygen uptake(·VO 2 max) and anaerobic threshold (ATor ·VO 2 AT) were all reduced . At AT, minute ventilation (·VEAT) and heartrate (HRAT) werereduced for male , while for female these were increased .Conclusion 1 . The ·VO 2 max/kg on male wasreducedfor11 .9% ,aver aged 1 % per year; while forfemale,it was reduced for 14 .8 % ,1 .3 % each year.2 . The ·VO 2AT/kg reduced for 17 .9 % and 12 .6 % on male andfemalerespectively . However,the values were still higherthan 14 mL·min- 1 ·kg- 1 ,thecardiacfunction waslisted asclass A.3 .For the male ,following the growth of age,reduction oftidal volume and heartrate comprehensively caused areduction in both minute ventilation and cardiac output.These are thefactors of oxygen uptake decrease. While on the fe male,despite theincrease of both minute ventilation and heart rate, yet there were no sign of increase for ·VO 2 max/kgand ·VO 2 AT/kg .It wassupposedthatthisrelated tothereduction ofboththe oxygen extraction and the res piratory efficiency.