西安市非法成瘾物质滥用的流行病学研究

1 Epidemiological Study on Illicit Drug Use in Xi'an

目的：了解西安地区非法成瘾物质使用的流行程度和高危因素。方法：以整群抽样的方法确定研究现场，应用湖南医科大学精神卫生研究所设计的非法成瘾物质使用流行学调查表，挨户访问。结果：西安地区非法成瘾物质滥用者一生曾用率１９９３年为０．６９％，１９９６年为１．０３％，明显上升。高危因素是２５～２９岁，未婚，男性，初中及初中以下文化程度，工人和失业人群，主要滥用的非法成瘾物质是阿片或阿片合用二氢埃托啡，１９９６年发现使用海洛因者，比例上升到１４．２９％，完全戒断达３个月及３个月以上的比例上升，滥用方式以吸入为主，也出现了注射的情况，且比例上升到７．９４％。结论：加强西安市禁毒力度极为紧迫，对形成非法成瘾物质依赖的高危因素加强控制十分必要。

Objective:To recognize the popular degree and the high risk factors of illicit drug use in Xi'an.Method:Determine the study ground by cluster sampling.Use the Epidemological Inventory for Illicit Drug Use,which designed by the psychiatric research institute of the HuNan medical university,to make household survey.Result:the lifetime prevalence of addicts in Xi'an were 0.69% in 1993,and were 1.03% in 1996.It showed a significant rise.The high risk factors included:age(25-29Y),unmaried,male,poorer education,worker and unemployeds.The major illicit drugs were opium or mixed with dihydroetorphine.Hreoin absuseing rise to 14.29% in 1996.And the rate of thorough giving up more than 3 months appeared a rise.The major way of abuse was inhalation,also had some injection,and the rate of injection rose to 7.94%.Conclusion:To strengthen banning illicit drug is very urgent in Xi'an.And to control the risk factors are extremely necessary. [