维吾尔族百岁老人口腔系列研究概要

Serial Stomatologic Studies of Uygur Seniles Aged over 100 Years

目的：了解维族百岁老人口腔各组织、功能特点，为研究人类长寿提供口腔方面的科学数据。方法：１４０名百岁以上维族老人口腔检查按ＷＨＯ标准记录。唾液、血液检测均由专人专用仪器进行。结果：失牙率１００％，无牙颌率５２．８％，龋患率７６．４％（存牙龋患率７８．８％），牙周病率５２．８％。口腔粘膜全无异常率１６．２％，唇颊腭龈粘膜无异常率６５．７％，裂纹舌检出率７４．３％，其异常中多见血管痣斑、粘膜老年斑，未见恶性病变。唾液ｐＨ６．０～６．５占７９％，流量０．２５～０．５ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ为２８％，０．６～１．０ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ为４２％，龋患百岁老人唾液中Ｍｏ、Ｓｒ、Ｃｕ、Ｃａ、Ｐｂ与无龋组有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。唾液中ＩｇＡ含量０．１０２±０．０４８ｇ／Ｌ高于对比老年组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。骨钙素含量有牙凳颌为６．８９０±２．６１９μｇ／Ｌ高于无牙颌者（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：维族百岁老人虽失牙多，但口腔其他组织尚健康，功能较好，可能与长寿因素起协同作用。

Purpose:To understand the situations and functional characteristics of various oral tissues in Uygur seniles aged over 100 years, which may provide scientific stomatological data for studing of human longevity. Methods:The oral examination was done in 140 Uygur seniles aged over 100 years.The results were recorded according to standards of WHO.Saliva and blood tests were done by special assigned technicians and special purpose instruments. Results:The rate of teeth lost was 100%.Rate of edentulous maxillae was 52.8%.Incidence of caries was 76.4%(caries rate of still existed teeth was 78.8%).Incidence of periodontal diseases was 52.8%.Rate of normal oral mucosa was 16.2%.Rate of normal labial,buccal,palatal and gingival mucosas was 65.7%.Incidence of fissured tongue was 74.3%.Their common oral mucosal abnormalities were mucosal senile plaque,vascular nevus and spot,and no malignant mucosal lesions were seen.The salivary pH was 6.0～6.5 in 79% of cases, its flow capacity was 0.25～0.5 ml/min in 28% and 0.6～1.0 ml/min in 42%.Salivary contents of Mo、Sr、Cu、Ca、Pb in caries group had significant differences(all P<0.01) as compared with those of noncaries group.Their mean salivary IgA content was 0.102±0.048 mg/L , it is higher than that of control senile(aged 60～80 years) group.The mean osteocalcin content of still teeth existed maxillae was 6.890±2.619 μg/L, it was higher than that of edentulous maxillae(P<0.01).Conclusion:Though most Uygur seniles aged over 100 years had teeth lost, but their oral tissues are still rather healthy, and their functions are still rather satisfactory. It may acted coordinately with other factors of longevity.