对晚年陈独秀研究方法论评

COMMENTARY ON THE METHODS USED IN THE STUDY OF CHEN DUXIU IN HIS LATE YEARS

７０年代末以来，国内学术界对于陈独秀晚年所以作出否定多于肯定的评价，研究方法的失当是一个重要原因。而西方学者一味赞颂陈晚年的反叛行为，将历史的说明变作历史的辩护，也是我们所不赞同的。笔者以为，陈晚年的见解、主张和阶级属性皆大有别于他作为托洛茨基主义者的阶段。研究陈之晚年应解决好从何入手的问题，从政治思想的内在联系中把握其思想整体，应正确使用阶级的历史的评价标准，并由晚年观其一生。

Since the later years of 70s, in the academic world in China,more negative views than positive ones have been taken about Chen Duxiu in his late years mainly because the methods of study used are not correct. We do not agree with western scholars who persist in praising Chen Duxiu's betrayal in his lateyecvrs, turning explanations of history into defence of history. The author of this paper holds that Chen Duxiu's views, opinions and class nature in his late yearsa ll differed from those when he had been a Trotskist. In the study of ChenDuxiu a good starting point must first be decided. One must grasp Chen's ideology as a whole from inner connections of his political thought, correctly use the class and historical standard of evaluation, and take an overall view of his whole life starting from his late years, so as to find out the interior and exterior causes of the change of his ideas.