特发性肺含铁血黄素沉着症的诊治护理和随访

The diagnosis and nursing of idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH)and its following research

诊治肺含铁血黄素沉着症（ＩＰＨ）２０例，其中男１５例，女５例，３～１２岁。临床特点为反复呼吸道感染、咳喘、咯血和缺铁性贫血。１０例在院外误诊为肺炎和缺铁性贫血。根据发病经过，临床表现与实验室检查，在痰液和胃液中找到含铁血黄素巨噬细胞而确诊。用氟美松和硫唑嘌呤治疗有效。可长期抗炎，减少肺纤维化，稳定肺部病变。护理着重以下几点：（１）重点观察是否过敏体质。（２）查找咯血患儿痰液中的含铁血黄素巨噬细胞。（３）饮食护理，禁食可致过敏的食物，并予以高蛋白、高热量富营养的食物。（４）心理护理，保持患儿良好的精神状态，消除对疾病的恐惧，咯血期间卧床休息，以防咯血过多致窒息死亡。（５）注意激素的副作用。长时间应用激素可致肾上腺皮质萎缩，不可立即停药，应逐渐减量。本组１５例患儿全部存活，５例失访。

We have 20 cases of IPH Clinical:iron deficiency anemia recurrent respiratory infection Cough hemoptysis especially hemosidero macro cell can be found Dexa methone and I muran are effective in treatment Nursing points:hyperergia,searching for hemosidero macrocell in sputum,intake nursing high protein and caloric food,psychological nursing