测量结果两种表示方法的分析

Analysis of Two Ways of Expressing the Results of Measurements

在生产实践和科学实验中，处理测量数据及给出测量结果是测量时必不可少的工作。长期以来，人们一直是以误差理论为依据，用测量误差表示测量结果。现在，国际上普遍认为采用以概率论和统计学为基础的测量不确定度来说明测量结果的可信程度更为科学、合理。本文简要叙述了测量误差的概念及表示，着重介绍了测量不确定度的来源、分类及表示方法。

In the production practice and scientific experiments, dealing with the measured data and present them are necessary. For a long time, on the basis of tolerance theory, the measured results were presented by the measured errors. New, based on probability and statistics, measuring uncertainty are commonly adopted. It is internationally believed that to express the reliability of measurement results, which is more scientific and reasonable. This paper briefly describes the concept and expression of measurement tolerance and mainly introduces the origin of measuring uncertainty, classifieation and methods of presentation.