加料前后烟草中游离及糖苷结合态香味成分的分析研究

Studies on the Free and Glycosidically Bound Aroma Components of Tobacco During Casing Process

对加料前后烟草中游离及糖苷结合态香味成分进行了分析研究。烟末经乙醚萃取和同时蒸馏萃取（SDE）分离得游离香味成分。糖苷成分用甲醇萃取，采用非离子型大孔树脂（AB8，相当于AmberliteXAD－2）吸附，然后用不同选择性溶剂洗脱和溶剂萃取，使糖苷与可溶性糖、氨基酸、有机酸、游离香味成分分离。糖苷集份在弱酸条件下（pH2．5）SDE水解，同时萃取出精苷结合态香味成分。采用毛细管气相色谱（HRcGC）和气相色谱／质谱联用（GC／MS）技术鉴定了25种游离及糖苷结合态香味成分。对加料前后的烟草样品进行了对比分析，结果发现：在所分析的烟草样品中，糠醇、苯乙醇、茄酮、香叶基丙酮、β-紫罗兰酮等成分，游离态含量高于结合态的含量；苯酚、香草醛、巨豆三烯酮等成分，游离态和结合态的含量相当；糠醛、苯甲醛、苯乙酮、异佛尔酮、氧化异佛尔酮、4-乙烯基愈创木酚、大马酮、二氢大马酮等成分，结合态的含量高于游离态含量。加料前后的烟草样品相比，加料后烟草中游离态香味成分呈减少趋势，但结合态含量呈增加趋势。

Free and glycosidically bound aroma components from uncased and cased tobaccoswere investigated. The free volatiles were isolated by ether extraction and subsequentsimultaneous distillation and extraction (SDE). The glycosidically bound volatiles wereisolated by methanol extraction, fo11owed by absorption on a nonionic resin (AB-8, similar to Amber1ite XAD-2) column and elution with different selective solvents. The glycosidically fraction was hydrolyzed by SDE at pH2. 5, the aglycons were released andextracted into ether simultaneously. The volatiles from free and glycosidicaly boundfractions were analyzed by HRcGC and HRcGC/MS, 25 components were identified.The results showed that, furfuryl alcohol, 2-phenyletanol, solanone, geranyl acetoneand β-inone existed in higher amounts in glycosides than their free state; whi1e furfural1,benzaldehyde, acetophenone, isophorone, oxo-isophorone ; 4-vinyl guaiacol, damascenone, damascone showed the reverse patternl phenol, vanillin and megastigmatrienones exsted in approach levels in both state. In contrast to uncased tobaccos, freelevels of most constituents decrease in cased tobaccos, but glycosidically bounded levelsshowed increase tendency.