鸡西矿区地面塌陷灾害与防治

LAND COLLOPSE HAZARD AND ITS PREVENTION IN JIXI MINING AREA

鸡西市是以煤生产为主的新兴工业城市,年产原煤近3000万吨,是我国重要的煤炭生产基地。随着生产规模的不断扩大,地面塌陷面积迅速增加,地面塌陷灾害日益严重,直接威胁着矿区人民群众生活和生产的安全。目前鸡西矿区地面塌陷面积已达186平方公里,占井田总面积22％。塌陷区大量土地荒芜,并出现十几处积水塌陷坑,自然生态环境严重恶化。塌陷区治理工作进展缓慢。其主要危害:一是地面建筑和市政基础设施受严重破坏;二是矿区人民群众生命财产受到严重损失;三是农田遭到严重破坏;四是严重影响全社会的安定团结。针对鸡西矿区塌陷现状,应从以下几方面着手工作。一是尽快出台地面塌陷等地质灾害的管理法规;二是地面塌陷的防治与煤炭同步进行;三是采用合理的采煤方法和工艺,减少或防止地面塌陷;四对塌陷进行复垦和综合利用。

Jixi is a new coal industrial city with the production of 30 million ton coals per year. With the rapid enlargement of production scale, land collapse is increasing and its damage getting more serious, which is threatening the public life and city development. By now, the collapse area has been 186 km2 which is about 22% of mining area. The collapse has made farmland useless and environment destroied. On the other hand, it has caused a serious damage in city too, such as buildings, municipal fundation installations and the life and properties of the people and the farmlands etc.. Following proposals are made in the paper to prevent the hazards in the city, such as:to formulate the management regulation for geological hazards, in eluding collapses j to take effective measures to control collap -sesj to use mord advanced techniques in mining to reduce mining effects on ground; to comprehensively reuse the collapse land.