复兴与借鉴:印度近代启蒙文学

MODERN INDIAN ENLIGHTENMENTAL LITERATURE:REJUVENATION AND LESSONS

印度近代的启蒙运动是在对传统文化的复兴与变革，对西方文化的排斥与借鉴的复杂矛盾情形中展开。印度近代的启蒙团体梵杜、圣社、青年孟加拉派、罗摩克里希那教会、穆斯林文学社、科学社等都表现了这样的特点。在这样的社会文化背景下，印度近代启蒙文学不同于欧洲近代启蒙文学的进击性、哲理性和展望性，而是表现出柔弱性、政治性和回溯性的特征。对民族文学传统的复兴是印度近代启蒙文学的基调，对西方文学的借鉴使其带上近代色彩。

The modem Indian Enlightenmental Movement had spread out in carrying out rejuvenation and reform of its traditional culture and drawing lessons from the western culture. So, many enlightenmental societies share the above characteristics. Under the social and cultural background, the Indian Enlightenmental Literature is frail, political and recalling different from aggresiveness, philosophy and forecasting of the western literature, Rejuvenation of its traditional culture is the key note while drawing lessons from the westem culture makes it possesses some modem color.