新疆天山中段独库公路地质构造

GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURES OF THE MIDDLE TIANSHAN MOUNTAINS ALONG THE DUSHANZI-KUQA HIGHWAY

路线横穿天山中段，沿途可先后观察到各时期的侵入岩、火山岩、沉积岩及其变质岩，天山几条大型构造线，北天山由橄榄岩、辉长辉绿岩、枕状玄武岩、放射虫硅质岩组成的蛇绿岩套，哈希勒根断裂附近的超镁铁岩带，伊宁盆地东缘石炭纪火山岩及侏罗系含煤岩系，拉尔敦达坂中元古界眼球状混合片麻岩、阳起石片岩及糜棱岩，哈尔克山志留、泥盆、石炭纪联酸盐岩和碎屑岩及丰富的珊瑚、腕足类、层孔虫、类化石，志留─泥盆系整合接触关系及早泥盆世枕状玄武岩、放射虫硅质岩及铁锰矿层，库车盆地中新生界形成的风蚀地貌及新构造运动痕迹，沿途可观光戈壁绿洲，高山隧道，现代冰川，优美的森林、草原、高山湖泊及天鹅自然保护区风光。

The route crosses the Central Tianshan Mountains about 570 km long. Along the way intrusives,volcanic, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks of various ages will be observed. The ophiolites suite in theNorth Tianshan,composed of peridotite. gabbro diabase,pillow basalts and radioiarian chert,the ultramaficrock belt near the Haxilegen fault,the Carboniferous volcanics and Jurassic coal-bearing rock series at themargins of the Yining Basin,the augen migmatitic gneiss,actinolite schist and mylonite of the Middie Proterozoic at Laerdun Deban,the Silurian,Devonian and Carboniferous carbonates and clastics with rich corals,brachiopods,stromatoporoidea,and fusulinids in the Harke Mountains are also observed. The conformity betweenthe Silurian and Devonian,pi1low basalt,radiolarian chert and iron-manganese ord beds of the Early Devonian,the aeolian landform of the Meso-Cenozoic in the Kuqa depression and traces of Necgene tectonics are included in the investigation. Along the way participants wili enjoy the sight of desert, oasis, high-mountaintunnels,modern glaciers,beautiful forest,grassland,high-mountain lakes and swan nature reserve.