冀西北寒旱区旱地莜麦高产栽培措施数学模型及优化方案的研究

STUDY ON THE HIGH-PRODUCTIVE COMPREHENSIVE MEASURES AND OPTIMIZATION SCHEME OF NAKED OATS IN DRY-SANDY SOIL IN NORTHWEST PLAIN, HEBEI PROVINCE

采用二次回归正交旋转组合设计,对影响冀西北寒旱区旱地莜麦产量和净产值形成的播量、磷肥、氮肥以及追N比例四项关键农艺措施进行了定量化的综合研究,初步建立了以高产高效为核心的产量函数、净产值函数的数学模型。分析了单因素、二因素产量效应,四项农艺措施对产量的作用的大小依次是N肥>播量>磷肥用量>追N比。高产高效的优化农艺措施是:当每公顷产量≥2250kg时,每公顷播量196～211kg,磷肥74～93kg,N肥112～126kg,追肥占总量的72％～89％。

Four cultivating measures, i. e. rate of seeding, amount of phosphorous, amount of nitrogen and ratio of fertilizing nitrogen as the plant grows, were taken as variables in this experiment, designed with the spinning combination of squre and regression and conducted in Zhang Bei Dryland Experiment Area. The regression equation of the seed yields and net output value were made with these four variables to the second power. In the light of yield equation, the effects of the cultivation measures were identified, and they were in the order of nitrogen amount, amount of planting seed, phosphorous amount, ratio of fertilizing nitrogen. The high yield and effiency comprehensive measures (yield) 2250kg. ha^(-1)) were as follows, amount of sowing seed 196～211kg. ha^(-1), P_2O_5 74～93kg. ha^(-1), N 112～126kg. ha^(-1)ratio of fertilizing nitrogen 72％—89％.