川藏公路沿线地质灾害及其形成条件与整治对策

GEOLOGICAL HAZARDS, THEIR FORMING CONDITIONS AND CONTROL ALONG SICHUAN-XIZANG HIGHWAY

川藏公路沿线山高谷深，地形切割破碎，地质构造复杂，断裂褶皱发育，新构造运动活跃，地震活动强烈，气候恶劣多变。致使外力地质作用强烈，导致了地质灾害的形成。而道路的开凿，沿线不合理的垦荒伐木和水利工程则加剧了地质灾害的发生和老变形体的复活。要彻底改变川藏公路沿线复杂、恶劣的环境条件和根治这里的地质灾害是不可能的。可在维护和改善沿线自然生态环境的基础上，对大型。特大型的地质灾害以不同方式进行躲避，对中小型地质灾害采取治标与治本相结合的整治对策。同时对一些危害性大的地质灾害应进行必要的监测，以防患未然。

Sichuan-Xizang Highway passes through high mountains and deep valleys which are characterized by complicated geological structures, developmental faults and folds as well as neotectonism, frequent seismic activity, bad climate.These make exogenetic process very stong which is responsible for geological hazards.Construction of the road and water conservancy projects, unreasonable reclaimation and deforestation speed up the development of geological hazards and the revival of preexisting deformed bodies.It is impossible absolutely to change the complicated and bad environment along the road.Therefore,it is also impossible to exterminate the geological hazards. However,we can avoid the large or super large-scale hazards with different ways based on protecting and improving the natural ecological environment along the road and take stopgap measures combining radical measures for the middle-and small-scale hazards. To provide against possible trouble, some necessary monitoring should be done for some geological hazards whose harmfulness is great.