康区藏戏

TIBETAN OPERA IN KANGBA, WEST CHINA

藏戏,藏语称“阿吉拉姆”,亦名“朗达”。它以其特有的艺术形式和风格,傲立于中华民族绚丽多彩的艺苑之中,被称为东方戏剧艺术的“活化石”。藏戏传入康区已有300多年历史 8世纪中叶,藏王赤松德赞为宏扬佛教,迎请印度高僧莲花生入藏。莲花生在修建藏传佛教第一座寺庙——桑耶寺时,创造了一种被称为“羌姆”的宗教祭祀仪典舞蹈。此即藏戏的雏形。至15世纪,被崇为藏戏鼻祖的僧人汤东杰布为营造铁索桥募捐,组织能歌善舞的七姊妹,把民间音乐。

s early as in the 15th century, Tangdong Jiebu, originator of Tibetan opera, integrated the folk music, dance and other forms with the lama's dance in a trance to dramaize Buddhist or secular stories on the stage. Tibetan opera originated therefrom. Later in the 17th century, Tibtan opera began to spread to Kangba, an area located on the south eastern QinghaiTibet plateau. Halving absor bed the local dialect, music, dance, songs and other entertainments, it has evolved into Kangba Tibetan opera, a new variation of the kind with uniqueness. Dege opera, Kangba opera, and Anduo opera are the three major schools of Tibetan opera in the Kangba area. Each is unique in its own style. Kangba Tibetan opera has rich and colorful masks, which represent varied characters. These masks enjoy high aesthetic value.