黄土高原人类活动与生态环境演变的研究

Study on Relationship between Human's Activitiesand Environmental evolution

分析了黄土高原植被演变、自然灾害与人类活动的关系，人口增加量和侵蚀增加量的关系及现代人为破坏森林植被的环境效应。结果表明，近３０００年来，特别是明代中叶以来，人类活动强烈影响着本区的植被演变。是本区环境演变的主导因素。隋唐时期和明代中叶以后时期的自然灾害多发期是人类活动破坏自然生态平衡所致；人口增加量与土壤侵蚀增加量有很好的相关性，当人口增加量的比值为１：２．７：６８．１时，侵蚀增加量的比值为１：５．３７：０．９８，说明人为加速侵蚀在现代侵蚀中占据主导地位。现代人为破坏森林植被的环境效应表现为气候趋于干旱，导致农业生产旱情加剧；土壤侵蚀加剧，导致土壤退化严重。所有这些又反馈为生态环境恶化，如此恶性循环不已。

it has been studied that relationshipes between vegetation evolution,natural disastersand human activities,and relation between increasment of population and increasment of soil erosion in Loess Plateau as well as environmentalresponses of present forestvegetation destructed byhuman being. The results show that in recent 3000 years, especially the 30's Ming Dynasty,human's activities have intensively affected on envoronmental evolution and has been a leadingfactor that influenced environmental evoltion of Loess Plateau. The reason that casued naturaldisaster casued in the SLit Dynasty and after the middle period of Ming Dynasty is human's activities intensively.Increasing amotlnt of soil erosion had better relation in increasing amount of population,A ratio of increasing population amount was 1: 2. 7: 68. 1, the ratio of increasing soilerosion was 1:5. 37: 0. 98. This information proved that man-made accelerated erosion play animportant role in modern soil erosion. Environmnental responss of modern forest vegetation destruction by human being are that climate tending drought intensifys drought situation of agricultural production man-made accelerated erosion intensifys soil degradation so all those intensifyeco-environmental worshening.