神府─东胜煤田开发对乌兰木伦河河道淤积与输沙的影响

The influence of Shenfu─Dongsheng coal mining on river bed siltation and sediment load of Wulanmulun river Wulanmulun river

神府─东胜煤田自１９８７—１９９３年开发以来，河道露天采煤、矿区建设排弃的大量土石碴堆积于河道或岸坡，导致河床淤积严重，输沙量骤增。乌兰木伦河下游５０ｋｍ净淤积１３１０．５×１０４ｍ３，平均年增加１８７．２×１０４ｍ３，输沙量比采矿前增加７０％，平均年增加７３５×１０４ｔ。文中对河道淤积的泥沙来源和采矿排弃物流失量进行了深入分析，并提出该流域治理的建议与对策。

A great quantity of abandoned earths,stones and dregs from open mining coal in the river and construction of coal field are piled up in the bed of Wulanmulun river,as a result deposition of river ─bed and sedinment load are both remarkably rised since Shenfu ─Dongsheng coal field mining in 1987. About 1310. 5 × 104m3 net sediments silted and 361. 5 × 104m3 mixtures of sand and stone piled in the river bed of 50 km in lower reaches after coal mining,comparing with before mining average annual sediments increases by 187. 2 × 104m3 and the sediment load of the river increases by 70 percent and average anmual sediment load increases.The sediment resource of river siltation and increasing of soil loss are analysed,and some suggestion and countermeasure on reclamation planning of the river basin are also presented in the paper.