耳大神经移植治疗面神经麻痹的应用解剖研究

Applied Anatomical Research on Great Auricular Nerve as Graft for Treating Facial Palsy

对２２具成年尸体的４０侧耳大神经进行了解剖观察和测量。耳大神经的平均长度为４．１２ｃｍ，有２～３个分支。其体表投影相当于胸锁乳突肌后缘中点稍下方至耳垂的连线，主干在颈外静脉后方约０．７ｃｍ。结果表明耳大神经是用于神经移植治疗面神经麻痹较理想的移植物，耳大神经的体表投影、颈外静脉及下颌角是术中寻找该神经的可靠标志。

The authors observed and measured 40 great auricular nerves in 22 adult cadavers.The great auricular nerve is 4.12 cm long on average,with3～4branches. The projection of the nerve is located in line between a little low distance in the middle of the posterior border of sternocleidomastoid and auricular lobulus.The stem of the nerve is about 0.7 cm posterior to external jugular vein.The results indicated that the great auricular nerve can be used as ideal graft for treating facial palsy,and its projection,external jugular vein and the angle of mandible are the reliable marks to search for the nerve during operation.