六年来烧伤感染常见细菌和药敏试验调查分析

THE INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS OF COMMON BACTERIA OF INFECTED WOUNDS AND DRUG SENSITIVITY TEST IN THE LAST SIX YEARS

作者对1985年至1990年六年中,烧伤感染常见细菌及其对16种常用抗生素的敏感性调查。感染细菌情况,G^-杆菌61.61％多于G^+球菌36.84％,P<0.01,两者相比,有高度显著性差异。常见10种致病菌占总检出菌株的74.81％,以菌种而言,金黄色葡萄球菌占总检出菌株的23.36％,居首位,绿脓杆菌占总检出菌株的18.99％,居第二位,二者仍为烧伤感染的最主要致病菌。常见10种致病菌对16种常用抗生素敏感性表明,抗生素对G^+球菌敏感率高于G^-杆菌,其中丁胺卡那、新霉素具有广谱抗生素的作用;对G^-杆菌和G^+球菌敏感率较高。对G^-杆菌敏感率高的依次是多粘菌素B91.67％,丁胺卡那82.41％,新霉素66.67％,对绿脓杆菌应首先应用丁胺卡那78.79％。对G^+球菌敏感率高的依次是呋喃妥因83.33％,新霉素81.75％,丁胺卡那77.28％,对金黄色葡萄球菌应首先应用丁胺卡那83.33％,其次为新霉素75.00％。

The authors cultured common bacteria of burn wounds for six years from 1985- 1990 and made a survey of the sensitivity of sixteen kinds of antibiotic. Among the infectious bacteria, gram positive bacteria accounted for 61.61%, gram negative bacteria accounted for 36.84%, P < 0. 01. There was a significant difference between them 10 kinds of common pathogen accounted for 74.81% of total detected strain. Staphylococcus aureus was 23.36% of total, ranking the first. Pesudomonas Aeruginosa was 18.99% of total, ranking the second. Both of them were the commonest pathogen. The sensitivities of 10 common pathogenes to 16 common used antibiotics showed that the sensitivity of antibiotic to gram positive pathogen was higher than that to gram negative pathogen. Amikacin and neomycin are broad - spectrum antibiotic. Their sensitivities to G+ bacillus and G-coccus were relatively higher. The sensitivity rate of polymyxin B. amikacin and neomycin to G-bacillus was 91.67%, 82.41% and 66. 7% respectively. The sensitivity rate of amikacin to pesudomonas aeruginosa was 78.79%. So amikasin was chosen first for anti pesudomonas aeruginosa infections. The sensitivity rate of furantoin, neomycin and amikacin to G+ coccus was 83. 33%, 81. 75% and 77.28% respectively. The sensitivity rate of amikacin and neomycin to staphylococus aureus 83.33% and 75.00% respectively. Amikacin was chosen first to anti staphylococcus aureus infections.