定时定量静脉输液的技巧

A KNACK OF TIME-QUANTITY CONTROLLED INTRAVENOUS TRANSFUSION TECHNIQUE

通常静脉输液多用滴管计算,而滴管常用手工制作,即使出自一手,也难完全一致。各个医院间出入更大,一般病人输液后即行拔管问题不大,但当严重烧伤病人作静脉切开或大静脉插管,则需终日维持均恒输液不得中断,过少不能完成定量,过快则招致心肺合并症,且液体一旦走空,则易发生空气栓塞。目前,国内输液泵尚难普及。

Generally, transfusion fluid is measured by drop counting. The droppers are manually made and are not uniform in diameter. Droppers used in different hospitals vary greatly in diameter, Severe burn patients, patients catheterized after venotomy or into a large vein need a long time, constant quantity and uninterrupted supply of flu-id. If the fluid flows in too slowly, the supply will be insufficient. If the fluid flows in too quickly, there will be a danger of cardio-pulmonary com-plications. Now in China, the use of infusion pump is yet difficult to popularize, the measurement of the volume of transfusion fluid remains a problem. The authors describe a method to solve this problem that is to find out the average number of drops for one mililiter of fluid and calculate the to-tal number of drops needed for a patient in a day. We can control the number of drops needed per minute in a definite time (e.g. 8 or 1 6 hr). The transfusion can be carried out in a time-quantity controlled way. Droppers purchased from market can be calibrated to find out the number of drops for one mililiter of fluid and the data can be recorded on a card. When we use the droppers, we do not need to do the calculation again. In this way, droppers available from the market can be used to perform a time-quantity controlled intravenous transfusion.