摘要
战国中山的族属,由于文献不足征又相互歧异,成为千古纷纭莫定的疑难问题。七十年代以来,有关这个问题见之于发表的文章已达三十余篇,这在中山诸问题研究中占了突出的份量,并且目前仍具迭出不止之势。所以如此,在于它即为研究中山国史所无法回避,又同探索其文化渊源,特征及与周邻文化演变(融合)关系等考古学课题直接相关。本文就目前存在的诸说试作浅议,以期见仁见智,有裨于中山考古取得更多的突破。
To which the clan of Zhongshan state belonged, is a difficult problem that has not reached the final conclusion, there are still great divergences and dispution in academic circles about it In this paper from the Various points, I conclude five hypotheses, which arc that Zhongshan is Xianyu and Zhongshan is not Xianyu. further, in Zhongshan- Xianyu hypothe sis. there are that zhongshan are all Baidi. that Zhongshan are Han nation, thai Zhongshan is a different Di nation, and that Zhongshan is a Di nation and one Han branch living together etc.
It is pointed out that the reasons and problems of the existence of the two conclusions, which are that Baidi had been highly Hanilized in the characters of Zhong shan funeral culture, and that Zhongshan Funeral culture is Zhou culture, there not to say the Hanilization of Baidi.Because Xianyu nation differed basicaly from the Shang and Zhou nation in the tomb shape, tomb structure, tomb construction, funeral, the direction of the head of the dead, positions of the utersils buried with the dead and the funeral rite. It can be expounded and proved that Xianyu is not the descendant of the shang people with the surname 'Zi'. it is not the Zhou nation with the surname 'Ji'. The funeral rites, reflected on the clan tombs and Kingtornbs in the period of Lingshou being its capital, are different from that of the Xianyu's. it is put forward that there arc tombs of two different clans in Pingshan tomb groups in the period of Lingshou being the capital; It is raised also that the funeral rite of the Xianyu's did not evolve in to that of the Zhongshan's. So Zhongshan and Xianyu doesn't be long to one clan .In this paper, it is considered that the reaching of the final conclusion of the problem about Zhongshan clan will still depend on the discovery of the new archaeological materials.
