深圳市公职人员和农村人口居住地高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率及危险因素调查

Survey on the prevalence,awareness,treatment,control rates and risk factors of hypertension in civil servants and peasants of Shenzhen city

目的:调查深圳市公职人员和农村人口居住小区高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率及危险因素,寻找其规律性,完善防治对策。方法:2002-04/2002-10在深圳市梅林地区公职和农民居住小区随机取样8573和6126人,实际完成调查7970和5755人,应答率分别为92.9%和93.8%,调查项目包括测量血压、身高、体质量及填写高血压相关情况问卷。结果:公职小区检出高血压患者948例(11.89%),农民小区为561例(9.75%),前者显著高于后者(χ2=15.74,P<0.01)。高血压患者按10岁为1个年龄组分组后显示,公职小区30～39岁组和40～49岁组的高血压患病率(4.55%和11.39%)明显高于农民小区各对应年龄组(2.54%和6.77%,χ2=16.8和24.12,P均<0.01),公职小区高血压患者的知晓率(45.9%),治疗率(37.0%)和控制率(19.1%)也均显著高于农民小区(χ2=16.87～42.64,P均<0.01)。在相关危险因素比较中,公职小区的体质量指数、吸烟量、饮食偏咸、脑力劳动者均明显高于农民小区(P均<0.01～0.05),而后者中的平均年龄和锻炼嗜好也明显高于前者(P<0.05～0.001)。结论:深圳市公职人群有较高的高血压患病率和较多的高血压危险因素,但知晓率、治疗率和控制率也较为理想。

AIM:To study the prevalence,awareness,treatment,control rates and risk factors of hypertension in civil servants and peasants of Shenzhen city,so as to explore its regularity,and to improve the countermeasures of prevention and treatment of hypertension. METHODS:Totally 8 573 and 6 126 subjects were randomly selected from living places of civil servants and peasants in Melin District of Shenzhen city during April to October 2002,actually 7 970 and 5 755 of them finished the investigation and the response rates were 92.9%and 93.8%,respectively.The investigation consisted of blood pressure,body height,body mass and hypertension questionnaire. RESULTS:The hypertension morbidity in the civil servant region was up to 11.89%(948 cases),significantly higher than that in the peasant region(9.75%,561 cases)(χ2=15.74,P< 0.01).The hypertensive patients were divided into different groups with 10 years as an age group.The hypertension morbidity in 30-39 and 40-49 years old groups of the civil servant region were 4.55%and 11.39%,respectively,obviously higher than those in the corresponding age groups of the peasant region(2.54%and 6.77%,χ2 =16.8 and 24.12,P< 0.01).The awareness,treatment and control rates in the civil servant region were 45.9%,37.0%and 19.1%,significantly higher than those in the peasant group(χ2=16.87-42.64,P< 0.01).In comparison of hypertensive risk factors,the body index,smoking amount,salted diet,mental workers in the civil servant region were all obviously higher than those in the peasant group(P< 0.01-0.05),while the mean age and exercise habits in the latter were markedly higher than those in the former(P< 0.05-0.00 1). CONCLUSION:The hypertension morbidity and risk factors in civil servants of Shenzhen city are higher,and the awareness,treatment and control rates are also better.