术前信息支持系统与一般心理护理干预手术患者恐惧性焦虑的效果比较

Comparison of effect of preoperative informational support system and normal psychological nursing intervention on the terrified anxiety of surgery patients

目的:探讨术前信息支持系统和一般心理护理干预两种不同的心理干预方法对手术病人术前及术中恐惧性焦虑的干预效果。方法:按自然数的随机排列法将296例择期术前病人分为术前信息支持系统干预组(n=148,患者通过听取作者设计的术前信息支持系统录音磁带进行干预。)和一般心理护理干预组(n=148,护士对患者进行一般的心理护理),对两组均测定术前、术中焦虑症状指标,进行分析。结果:系统干预组术前、术中焦虑水平比一般干预组明显降低,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01)。两组患者术前SAS测试结果:系统干预组的各项因子分均有低于一般干预组的趋势,且紧张、害怕、惊恐、心悸、睡眠障碍5项因子分两组差异有显著性意义(P<0.05～0.01)。两组患者术中焦虑状态指征比较结果:系统干预组的各项因子分均有低于一般干预组的趋势,且疼痛敏感度、手抓握紧张度、血压的收缩压和舒张压五项因子分两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05～0.01)。结论:术前信息支持系统的心理干预可显著降低手术患者术前、术中的恐惧性焦虑程度。

AIM:To explore the effect of two different psychical intervention methods of informational support system and normal psychological nursing care on patients' terrified anxiety before and during operation. METHODS:Totally 296 patients, who were chosen to be operated on during a good time,were randomly assigned into two groups:preoperative informational support system intervention group(group A,n=148) and normal psychological nursing intervention group(group B,n=148). Patients in group A received the intervention of the audio tape of informational support system,which was designed by the author,while patients in group B received normal psychological intervention from the nurses.The anxiety symptom indexes before and during operation were measured for analysis. RESULTS:The anxiety level before and during operation in group A was significantly lower than that in group B(P< 0.01).The preoperative results of self rating anxiety scale(SAS) showed that all factor scores in group A were all lower than those in group B,there were significant differences especially in tenseness,fear,shock,palpitation and sleep disorder between the two groups(P< 0.05-0.01).The results of comparison of in anxiety symptom during operation showed that all factor scores in group A was lower than group B,and there were significant differences especially in sensitivity of pain,grasping tensity of hand,systolic pressure and diastolic pressure(P< 0.05-0.01). CONCLUSION:The psychological intervention of preoperative informational support system can obviously reduce the degree of terrified anxiety of patients before and during operation.