瑞典 CO_2的产生源和吸收源

Sources and Sinks of Carbon Dioxide in Sweden

1.引言二氧化碳是大气中的一种重要天然组分,目前大气中的浓度(353ppmv)比工业革命前的水平(280ppmv)约高25%,而且每年以0.5%的速度增加。人们极为关注这一主要由化石燃料燃烧引起的增长,它会通过“温室效应”造成气候的变化。尽管二氧化碳不是唯一的温室气体,但它的大气浓度不断增加,可能占目前温室效应增长部分的大约60%。因二氧化碳在空气中存留时间长,在整个大气层中的混合比较好,因此,我们必须考虑它在全球的总排放量。

An attempt has been made to estimate the carbon dioxide budget of Sweden.Fluxes considered include fossil-fuel combustion and limestone processing as well as changes in the carbon stores in forests,peatlands,cultivated soils and sediments.The estimations indicate that more than half of the carbon released as carbon dioxide during fossil-fuel combustion(c.16 Mton C per year) is currently accumulating in terrestrial ecosystems,mainly in the form of forest biomass (c.9 Mton C per year).Cultivated organic soils release c.1—2 Mton C per year to the atmosphere,while peat and the sediments of lakes and coastal waters accumulate c.4 Mton C per year.