青海高山植物解剖特点的研究

A STUDY OF CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ANATOMICAL STRUCTURE OF ALPINE PLANTS AT QINGHAI PLATEAU

青海高原属青藏高原的一部分,生长在高山的植物的解剖构造,既不同于中生、旱生、湿生或沼生植物,又与之有相似之处,形成了高山植物独特的结构。它们突出的特点是:普遍具有发达的通气组织;叶片栅栏组织通常有2层或2层以上;机械组织在茎中一般较强劲,而在叶脉中则纤弱。高山植物有独特的外部形态。以上这些特点是植物长期适应高山缺氧、强辐射、干旱、寒冷、劲风等生态条件的结果。本文为了解青藏高山植物发展演化的趋势,研究植物区系成分,提供有关的科学依据。

Qinghai plateau is a part of Qinghai-Tibetan plateau Though the anatomical structure of alpine plants growing on the high mountains is greatly different from the mesophyte,Xeriphyte,hygrophytea nd hydrophyte,yet there are some what like each other in some aspects Thus the alpine plants form a special kind of high altitude plants with particular structures.we discovered that the charasteristics of alpine plants in structure are as the following: Almost all these pants have a well developed aerenchyma,two or more than two layers of palisade cells in their leaves:the mechanical tissue in their stems is strong and vigourous but weaker in their leaves.All these morphological and anatomical characteristics are due to the results of their adaptation to the severe, bad climate--such as lack of oxygen,coldness,dryness and wind,ect. This paper will help us to discover the evolution and element of plant flora of alpine plants on Qinghai-Tibetan plateau,In addition,it will supply some reference for the basis of science