福建亚热带山区水稻生态和丰产技术体系

The Rice Ecology of Fujian Subtropical Mountain and Hilly Areas and It's High Yielding Technical System

福建山区地形起伏,气候土壤多样。依据温光资源的时空分布模式,划分为暖地、温地和凉地等3个气候层;依据地域空间分布及理化性状,划分为山坡黄泥田、山垄冷烂田和河边沙质田等3类中低产水田土壤。在生态分类基础上,研究总结出3个气候层水稻熟制、品种和生育期的布局模式,3类中低产土壤的改良培肥模式,以及杂交稻丰产栽培体系。这套技术大面积推广后,取得连年大幅度增产的成效。

The Fujian subtropical mountain area is undulate and there are very kinds of climatic and soil tpyes. The average temperature of ten-day, the annual amount of solar radiation and the duration and cumulative temperature of rice growth showed decreasing with the rising of latitude and altitude. Their decreasibg ratio differed with date. According to the time and space distribution pattern of temperature and light resources, the rice climatic eco-type can be divided into three climatic types the warm climatic layer, the temperate climatic layer and the cool climatic layer. The most of Fujian mountain and hilly area rice soil developed from red soil. Being affected by the long time natural condition, they formed three soil types of hillside yellow soil, mountain conyon gleyed soil and rive side senddy alluvium soil. The three type soils have different phsical and chemical characteristics. Basing on the classification of rice ecology, through researching the model of cropping system, varieties used and growth season of rice cultivated in these three climatic layer regions, the system of improving fertility of the three type paddy soils and the high yielding cultivation technical system for hybrid rice have been layouted. The technical system has been applied all over the mountain and hilly areas in Fujian, and increased production greetly year by year.