福建花生种质资源主要数量性状遗传变异及相关分析

Genetic Variations and Correlation analysis on the Main Quantitative Characters of the Peanut Germplasm Resources in Fujian

本文以我省15个花生种质资源为试验材料,对主要数量性状的遗传变异系数、遗传率、遗传进度以及性状间的相关进行了估算和分析。结果表明,多数性状的遗传变异系数和遗传率较大,且有较大的遗传进度,说明对这些性状进行选择可收到良好的效果;所研究的性状与单株生产力及小区产量均呈正相关,通径分析表明,百果重对单株生产力的直接效应最大,其次是饱果数,结果枝数的直接效应较小。因此,在福建的生态条件下,花生高产优良单株的表现应是果大、饱果多、秕果率低,而主茎高、结果枝数、出仁率等性状适中。

The genetic variation coefficients, broad heritabilities. genetic advances, correlation coefficients, correlative heritabilities and path coefficients of main quantitative characters of the selective peanut germplasm resources in Fujian were studied. The results showed that genetic variation coefficients were larger in most characters and different among the characters. The heritabilities were also different with various characters and the genetic advances of most characters were large, indicating that significative effect should be obtained to select on these characters with a larger gentle advance. There were positive correlations among characters studied with the pod yield per plant and the pod yield per plot. Path analysis indicated that direct path coerricient was more signifocant in the 100-pod weight to the pod yield per plant positively. Direct path coerricient was also signigicant in the mature pod per plant to the pod yield per plant and showed positive value. However, direct effect was minor in the number of fruit branches to the pod yield per plant. The performence of peanut single plants in phenotype under Fujian ecological conditions also be discussed.