地下水抽汲对西安地面沉降和地裂缝活动的影响程度分析

EFFECT OF PUMPING GROUNDWATER ON LAND SUBSIDENCE AND GROUND FRACTURES IN XI'AN

西安地面沉降和地裂缝活动的快速发展,引起了一系列严重的后果。这两种地质灾害现象,都是在复杂的地质背景和地质环境下,叠加了人类工程活动——抽汲深层承压水的共同作用结果。研究过量抽汲地下水对两者的影响程度,具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。文中分析了西安这一特殊地面沉降的特点;粗略估算得出:过量抽汲深层承压水导致的固结压密量和诱发量占总地面沉降的75～95％;抽水引起地裂缝的激发量占地裂缝活动总量的80～95％。所得结论对其叠加机制的探讨和防治对策的提供具有科学的指导价值。

A series of severe damage were caused by high activities of land subsidence and ground fractures in Xi'an, Shanxi provience. These two geological hazard phenomena are mainly superposed by human activities--pumping deep confined water under the complexity geologybackground. Therefore, it is very important for making decision of controlling and treating to analyse the effect of pumping groundwater on them. Difference between Xi'an land subsidence and Shanghai land subsidence is compared and following conclusions, (1) the part which relates with pumping deep confined water in total land subsidence consists of 75--95%; and(2) the part which is accelerated by pumping becomes dominant position although the mechanism formation of Xi'an ground fractures is tectonic one, are obtained in this paper.