研究地震和岩石破裂现象的非线性科学方法

NONLINEAR SEIENTIFIC METHODS APPLIED TO ROCK RUPTURE AND EARTHQUAKE PHENOMENA

本文以地震孕育和岩石破裂过程的阶段(包括裂纹系形成、变形局部化和断层形成、断层活动和松弛)为线索,阐述了非线性科学方法(包括分形几何学,自组织临界现象和混沌动力学)的应用,提出了地震孕育过程和岩石破裂各阶段的普适性特征、机理和要着重研究的课题.

This paper holds that, the applications of nonlinear scientific methods to rock rupture and earthquake phenomena should be in accordance with the characteristics of the processes themselves of these phenomena. That is a). the fractal geometric characteristics of crack systems; b). the self-organization mechanisms in the evolution processes; c). the chaotic dynamical behavior of earthquake faulting. Tracing the evolution processes of earthquakes as well as rock rupture (including formation of crack systems, deformation localization and formation of faults, faulting and finally stress relaxation), this paper sruveys the application of nonlinear scientific methods (fractal geometry, chaotic dynamics, and self-organization synergetics)to earthquake as well as rock rupture phenomena, proposes the universal characteristics and mechanisms of the corresponding processes obtained by using the nonlinear scientific methods, and argues on problems that are still controversy and need further investigating.