影响直流电药物离子导入治疗效果的技术因素

Technological factors of influence on direct current drug ion—introduction therapy effect

本文综述了影响直流电药物离子导入治疗效果的技术因素。共有以下12种:①电流:治疗中电流强度发生变化,主要在开机后10分钟内。电流强度的掌握应依年龄、性别、部位、衬垫面积、病种、方法等具体情况而定。②时间:一般为20～30分钟,时间延长,导入量反而减少。③药物浓度:有人测定69种药物电导率,大多数随浓度升高而上升,少数达一定浓度时不再上升,有的反而下降。④药物性质:应掌握药物电离的极性,选定导入的电极。不能电离的药物是不能作直流电导入的,如氢化考的松,醋酸考的松就是非电离型化合物,不宜作电导入。⑤溶剂:二甲基亚砜是万能溶媒,可增加导入量1.5～2倍。黄连素的盐酸盐制剂几乎不溶于水,故不宜作电导入,而应用其硫酸盐或枸橼酸盐制剂。⑥药液的pH值:某些有机化合物属于两性电解质,在不同的pH值溶媒中,带有不同的电荷。不同药物采用阳极、阴极或非极化电极。⑦寄生离子:配制剂时必须用纯水配制,不宜用开水、自来水、河水、井水等配制。导入衬垫必须分别清洗,一药一垫,不可混用,混洗。⑧皮肤状态:去毛后24小时,以摩擦法除去角质层再导入,可使疗效提高。⑨导入电流的种类:平稳直流,平稳加直角脉冲,脉冲直流,半波音频,半波中频,双向交流中频电,文献报告意见不统一。⑩与其它理疗的联合应用:导入前作热疗,导入时作冷敷,可增加导入量。音频电或调制中频与直流电导入同时联合应用可提高导入率。直流电与超声联合应用可提高导入量15%～130%倍。(11)导入方法;眼杯法是衬垫法导入量的16～19倍。离子交换薄膜可提高导入量近3倍。保持衬垫厚度不小于1cm。(12)时律:直流电药物导入宜于上午进行。

This article summarized technological factors of influence on direct current drug ion—introduction therapy effect.Altogether following 12 kinds:①electric current:In- tensity of electric current happened change in therapy,mainly in 10 minutes after start a ma- chine.Should not at Will stray from the patient.②time:generally 20～30 minutes.Time prolonged,ion—introduction number contrary decreased.③drug concentration:Someone de- termined 69 kinds of drug electrical conductivity.They most increased along with concentra- tion increased.The minority never again increased after reach a certain concentration.On the contrary,some decreased.④drug character.Should grasp polarity of drug ion—introduc- tion.selected electrode of drug ion—introduction.Non—ionizable drugs cannot be introduced by direct current.Such as hydrocortisone,cortisone acetate,i,e.non-ionizable type chemi- cal compounds,are inadvisable to ion—introduce.⑤solvents:Dimethyl sulfoxide,DMSO is a universal solvent.It can increase 1.5～2 times ion—introduction number.Hydrochlorate of berberine almost does not dissolve in water.Therefore it is not suitable to ion-introduce. Should use its sulfate or citrate preparation.⑥H value of drug liquid:Some organic com- pounds are part of bipolar electrolytes.They have distinct electric charges in distinct H value solvents,Distinct drugs are ion—introduced by anode,cathode or non—polar electrode.⑦ parasitic ion:In compounding medicines,must compound in pure water,not suitable in boil- ing water,tap water.river water,or well water.Ion—introduction pad must be washed re- spectively.One drug must be in one pad.Don't mixed to wash.⑧skin condition;after hair cut 24 h.to eliminate skin horny layer by rubbing method,soon afterwards to ion—intro- duction will increase curative effect.⑨kinds of introduction electric current:Stable direct current,stable and right angle pulse,pulsating direct current,halfwave—audio frequency, halfwave—intermediate frequency,dual—directional alternating current intermediate fre- quency.Literature report are contradictory each other.⑩combine with other physiotherapy: Heat therapy before ion—introduction,cold compress in the ion—introduction will increase ion—introduction number.Audio frequency or modulated intermediate frequency and direct current combination simultaneously will inerease introconductivity.Ultrasonic wave and di- rect current combination will increase 15%～130% times introconductivity.(11)introcondue- tion method:Eyecup method is 16～19 times introduction number of pad method.Ion(?)ex change membrane will increase nearly 3 times ion—introduction number.(12)time—effect rela tionship:Direct current ion—introduction therapy is suitable in forenoon.