摘要
In the case of steady flow, an equilibrium state for an alluvial reach referring to the input of sediment over a sufficiently long time (time interval in the order of months) is equal to the output of sediment. A nonequilibrium state exists under steady flow when the sediment transport rate changes with time and space, so that there is no balance between input and output of sediment. The experiments were performed in an open circuit tilting flume with the bed slope of 0. 001-0. 009, the flume length of 30m and flume width of 0. 5m. The boundary condition at upstream and in all experiments, the rate of sedimant supply was zero. The coal or sand was se- lected as the Wed material. The grain diameter of the bed material varied in the range of 0.05- 20. 00ram. The equation of nonequilibrium transport of nonuniform bedload is derived. The grain distribution of the size distribution of bedload is calculated by modified Gessler's formula. The grain size distribution of bed material is calculated by CARICHAR mixed layer model. These equations are applied to numerical simulation of armoring of riverbeds. The results of the bedload transport rate and the grain size distribution of the bedload at the end of the down- stream in the process of time, as well as the grain size distribution of the bed material in the pro- cess of time and distance are all in close agreement with the measurements.
In the case of steady flow, an equilibrium state for an alluvial reach referring to the input of sediment over a sufficiently long time (time interval in the order of months) is equal to the output of sediment. A nonequilibrium state exists under steady flow when the sediment transport rate changes with time and space, so that there is no balance between input and output of sediment. The experiments were performed in an open circuit tilting flume with the bed slope of 0. 001-0. 009, the flume length of 30m and flume width of 0. 5m. The boundary condition at upstream and in all experiments, the rate of sedimant supply was zero. The coal or sand was se- lected as the Wed material. The grain diameter of the bed material varied in the range of 0.05- 20. 00ram. The equation of nonequilibrium transport of nonuniform bedload is derived. The grain distribution of the size distribution of bedload is calculated by modified Gessler's formula. The grain size distribution of bed material is calculated by CARICHAR mixed layer model. These equations are applied to numerical simulation of armoring of riverbeds. The results of the bedload transport rate and the grain size distribution of the bedload at the end of the down- stream in the process of time, as well as the grain size distribution of the bed material in the pro- cess of time and distance are all in close agreement with the measurements.
