摘要
本文从岩溶塌陷形成过程、主要条件、影响塌陷的自然及人为因素。土层崩解剥落、地质营力、作用力等方面对塌陷形成机理进行探讨。认为:岩溶空腔→土洞→塌陷是岩溶塌陷形成过程的基本规律:在覆盖型岩溶区,只要存在着开放的岩溶空腔,岩溶塌陷是不可避免的,它是自然因素的产物,人类活动则加速了其进程。
This paper has a discussion on the mechanism of karst collapse in respect of process, main conditions, natural and artificial factors affecting the collapse, disintigration of soil layers, geological agents and the mechanics involved. It is suggested that the development of karst collapse consists of stages in the order as follows: karst cavity -soil cavity - collapse, and that karst collapse is inevitable in karst areas covered with soils on condition that the cavity is an open system. It is pointed out that karst collapse is the product of actions of natural agents and may be accelerated by activities of human beings.
关键词
岩溶塌陷
形成机理
karst, collapse, mechanism
