棉花不同开花期棉铃的纤维发育比较研究

Comparative Studies on the Development of Fiber from Cotton Bolls in Different Flowering Period

研究于1986～1987年在北农大试验地进行,以北农1号为材料,对不同开花期棉铃的纤维发育进行比较研究。结果表明:①随开花期推迟,纤维细胞突起偏晚。9月21日前的花朵,开花当天可见突起。10月7日的花朵,推迟1天突起。②8月16日前各开花期开花当天的胚珠表面突起的纤维数与总表皮细胞数之比为1:3.3～4.1,随开花推迟,稍呈下降趋势。③9月21日以前不同开花期的纤维最终长度基本相等,随开花期推迟,纤维伸长期延长。④随开花期推迟,纤维单位长度干重增长开始期晚,持续时间延长。⑤8月7日以后开花的成熟棉铃内平均每粒种子的纤维单位长度干重、纤维结晶度、纤维强力都表现随开花期推迟而下降。

This thesis was conducted with the aim of comparative studies on fiber development of various flowering period in our campus field,Beijing, in 1986—1997,using the variety Beinong-1 as research material.The results may be summarized as follows: ①Semi-spherical fiber cells appeared on the ovule surface on the day of flowering reriod before september 21,and fiber cells appeared later from then ②F/E(The ratio of fiber cells to epidermal cells of ovule)was about 1: 3.3～4.1. ③No evident differences could be found among the final frber length of various flowering period before september 21,and fiber elongating duration intended to he longer as the anthesis went on in late growing season. ④Contrary to those of late flowering period,the fiber dry weight per length on a single seed of early flowering period increased quickly and lasted a short time. ⑤The mature fiber dry weight per length on a single seed,fiber cryst- allinity and single fiber strength in middle and late flowering period decraased with anthesis postponement.