急进特高海拔健康人微循环变化特点评价

CHANGES OF HEALTHY PEOPLB'S MICROCIRCUL ATION WHEN THEY WENT TO A GREAT ALTITUDE

高原自然环境下,17名健康男性,年龄25～54岁,由2261m急进3700m、4600m后,五天内急进阿尼玛卿山5200m,分别对上述四个海拔平段动态观察球结膜微循环。结果表明:①球结膜微循环随海拔高度上升变化显著,加权总积分值呈递增变化;②球结膜微血管数目与海拔升高无相关性(P>0.05);③微血管动脉管经急进特高海拔逐渐变细,尤以到达4600m及5100m时更为明显,差异显著(P<0.01),微血管静脉管径随海拔升高逐渐变宽,当急进5200m时,其管径不再扩张而逐渐回缩;④微血管囊状扩张也随海拔升高而增多,血流速度减慢、红细胞重度聚集,致使微血管管壁通透性改变、局部出血、渗出、水肿。

17 healthy men,aged from 15 to 54 years rapidly went to an altitude of 3700m～4600m from Xining(2261m). Three days later,they went to the Animagin mountains(5100m). Their bulbar conjunctiva microcirculations were observed at four sites. The results are: 1. The integral values of the microcirculations were:2.47±0.91 at 2261m,6.17±2.61 at 3700m, 11.7±4.06 at 4600m, 20.8±6.06 at 5100m with significant difference(p< 0.001). 2. The microvascular number of the bulbar conjunctiva was not relative to the speed of ascending. 3. The calibres of the artery microvascul arty were 9. 81±1.58μm and 7.90±1.58μm with significant difference(p<0.01),The calibres of the vein microvascularity were 29.77±0.63μm 31.31±1.63μm at 3700m. 32.71±1.85μm at 4600m,but did not extend continuously at 5 100m with a value of 29.7±5.56μm. The difference is significant(p<0.01or0.05). 4. Extension of the microvasularity was increasing. 5. The blood stream was slow. Meanwhile, accumulation of the erythrocytes, white microthrombosis and local haemorrhage were seen. The results showed that healthy people have protection to hypoxic environment, but the ability of compensation is limited. The slow blood stream accumulation of the erythrocytes, the white microthrombosis formation and local haemorrhage may be considered as the standards for testing heart and brain diseases of healthy people going rapidly to high altitudes.